Which of the following is an example of a public broadcasting organization? One of those is the Media Bureau, which has day-to-day responsibility for developing, recommending, and administering the rules governing the media, including radio and television stations. At the national level, NPR's total operating revenue in 2020 was $270.1 million, roughly the same as 2019. In response to the Civil Rights Act of 1875, the Supreme Court. If the emergency information is provided in the video portion of a regularly scheduled newscast or a newscast that interrupts regular programming, it must be made accessible through an aural description of the emergency information. Sources of funding also include on-air and online pledge drives and the sale of underwriting "spots" (typically running 1530 seconds) to sponsors. public broadcasting in the united states quizlet. In addition, station identifications and emergency announcements are also exempt. Contour Maps It provides a brief overview of the regulation of broadcast radio and television licensees, describing how the FCC authorizes broadcast stations, the various rules relating to broadcast programming and operations that stations must comply with, and the essential obligation of licensees that their stations serve their local communities. PRX was down 10%, falling to about $37.6 million in total revenue for 2020. Serving under the Commissioners are a number of Offices and operating Bureaus. By public service broadcasting, I mean a system that is nonprofit and noncommercial, supported by public funds, ultimately accountable in some legally defined way to the citizenry, aimed at providing a service to the entire population, and one which does not apply commercial principles as the primary means to determine its programming. The annual EEO public file report must also be posted on a stations website, if one exists. The FCC has stated that rigging or slanting the news is a most heinous act against the public interest. The Commission will investigate a station for news distortion if it receives documented evidence of rigging or slanting, such as testimony or other documentation, from individuals with direct personal knowledge that a licensee or its management engaged in the intentional falsification of the news. Requirement to Maintain a Public Inspection File Rules It directs us to base our broadcast licensing decisions on whether those actions will serve the public interest, convenience, and necessity. Independent services include Create, an American Public Television-operated network featuring how-to, home and garden, cooking and travel programs; MHz Worldview, a network owned by MHz Networks, which carries international dramatic series (particularly crime drama), news programs and documentaries; and World, a joint venture of American Public Television, WNET, the WGBH Educational Foundation and the National Educational Telecommunications Association that broadcasts science, nature, news, public affairs and documentary programs. Once the application is received, the FCC will issue a Public Notice and begin a 30-day period during which petitions to deny the application can be filed. Adopt a modified version of some or all of the proposed rules; Ask for public comment on additional issues relating to the proposals; or. There is a very plausible argument that public service broadcasting (PSB), as an idea and a set of institutions, was one of the singular, great creations of the 20th century. Political File For additional information concerning this requirement, see https://www.fcc.gov/television-and-set-top-box-controls-menus-program-guides. However, religious stations are permitted to require that some or all of their employees meet a religious qualification. In many cases where there is interference on your television set or radio, the source of the problem could be with your equipment, which may not be adequately designed with circuitry or filtering to reject the unwanted signals of nearby transmitters. In April 2007, the Commission delivered a Report to Congress recommending that the industry voluntarily commit to reducing the amount of this programming viewed by children. Criticism, Ridicule, and Humor Concerning Individuals, Groups, and Institutions. Broadcast of Telephone ConversationsAccess to Broadcast Material by People with Disabilities The material, taken as a whole, must lack serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value. Obscene material is not protected by the First Amendment and cannot be broadcast at any time. although completely objective reporting is unattainable because people inevitably have biases that shape their understanding of events, journalists attempt to be objective by reporting both sides of a story. Closed Captioning. Time Brokerage Agreements Host Selling For additional information concerning this requirement, see https://www.fcc.gov/television-and-set-top-box-controls-menus-program-guides. Broadcasting, broadcasting, transmission of sound or images to a large number of receivers by radio or television. However, as public trustees, broadcast licensees may not intentionally distort the news. Which of the following statements best characterizes the traditional news media's relationship to objectivity? Introduction Educational and Informational Programming As with commercial network affiliates, PBS member stations are given the latitude to schedule programs supplied by PBS for national broadcast in time slots of their choosing, particularly in the case of its prime time lineup, or preempt them outright. The traditional news media aim to provide objective reporting on current events by excluding the personal views of reporters or editors from their coverage. You can also participate in the application process by filing a petition to deny when someone applies for a new station, when a station is being sold (technically called an assignment of the licensee), when its licensee is undergoing a major transfer of stock or other ownership or control (technically called a transfer of control), or the station proposes major facility changes. After we hear from the public and consider all comments received, we generally have several options. The Federal Trade Commission has primary responsibility for determining whether an advertisement is false or deceptive and for taking action against the sponsor. Relying upon the reasoning in that decision, the FCC and the United States Department of Justice later concluded that the lottery advertising prohibition may not constitutionally be applied to the broadcast of any truthful advertisements for lawful casino gambling, whether or not the state in which the broadcasting station is located permits casino gambling. Information about how to activate the secondary audio is available from the customer service department of the TV manufacturer or from your subscription TV provider. Which U.S. president ushered in the tax revolt and the deregulation of many government policies in the 1980's? After the applicant (now considered a permittee) builds the station, it must file a license application in which it certifies that it has constructed the station consistent with the technical and other terms specified in its construction permit. How to File a Loud Commercial Complaint. Renewal Applications Class A TV Continuing Eligibility Documentation The city is proud of (it's, its) Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) program. Comments/Complaints to the FCC. The FCC allocates a portion of the broadcast spectrum to new broadcast stations based upon both the relative needs of various communities for additional broadcast outlets, and specified engineering standards designed to prevent interference among stations and other communications users. All the major broadcast networks and most of the major cable networks encode their programming with this ratings information to work with the V-Chip. Some of the funding comes from community support to hundreds of public radio and public television stations, each of which is an individual entity licensed to one of several different non-profit organizations, municipal or state governments, or universities. We can: You can find information about how to file comments in our rulemaking proceedings by selecting https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/how-comment. The FCC reviews EEO compliance at the time it considers the station renewal application, when it reviews public file reports at the mid-point of license terms, when it receives EEO complaints, and during random station audits. What about cable, satellite TV and satellite radio? Display of Internet Website Addresses On the whole, the news offerings of U.S. public broadcasters have been marked by relative financial stability and audience. These reports must be filed electronically with the FCC annually and placed in each stations online public inspection file, which can be viewed on the FCCs website at https://publicfiles.fcc.gov. Public broadcasting in the United States is not essentially a public service broadcaster, although it sometimes acts as one. The FCC was created by Congress in the Communications Act for the purpose of regulating interstate and foreign commerce in communication by wire and radio so as to make available, so far as possible, to all the people of the United States, without discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex, a rapid, efficient, Nation-wide, and world-wide wire and radio communications service . For additional information about the sponsorship identification and payola rules, see https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/fccs-payola-rules. News and public affairs programs include PBS NewsHour, Frontline, and Washington Week. From 1948 to 2013, foreign-targeted broadcasts, many of which were intended as propaganda, were barred from U.S. audiences because of the SmithMundt Act, a restriction that has since been lifted. A complaint can additionally be faxed to 1-866-418-0232, or mailed to: Additional information about loud commercials can be found at https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/loud-commercials-tv; and https://www.fcc.gov/media/policy/loud-commercials. Other Types of Applications. (+1) 202-419-4300 | Main We urge you to make use of the resources contained on this site, which may outline more recent developments in the law not discussed in the current version of this Manual. This policy does not apply to: 1) third-party sites linked from the companys web pages; 2) on-air third-party advertisements with website references to third-party websites; or 3) pages that are primarily devoted to multiple characters from multiple programs. The reconciliation information need not be placed in the file, immediately, but the broadcaster must identify a person or persons at the station capable of informing an advertiser of the details of any reconciliation information. Please include your name and address if you would like information on the final disposition of your complaint; you may request confidentiality. However, if you believe that an advertisement is offensive because of the nature of the item advertised, the scheduling of the announcement, or the way the message is presented, you should consider addressing your complaint directly to the station or network involved, providing the date and time of the broadcast and the product or advertiser in question. Underwriting Announcements on Noncommercial Educational Stations We also prohibit employment discrimination on the basis of race, color, religion, national origin, or sex. We encourage a continuing dialogue between broadcasters and the public to ensure stations meet their obligations and remain responsive to the needs of the local community. Efficient markets limit competition. A number of public stations are completely independent of these programming services, producing all or most of their content themselves. The Communications Act authorizes the Commission to "make such regulations not inconsistent with law as it may deem necessary to prevent interference between stations and to carry out the provisions of the Act." The station licensee knew that the information was false; Broadcasting the false information directly causes substantial public harm; and. Libertarianism is a political ideology that emphasizes freedom and voluntary association with small government. public broadcasting in the united states quizlet. How to Resolve Blanketing Interference ProblemsOther Interference IssuesThe Local Public Inspection File Online Political Files (The requirements for the EEO portion of the public file are discussed further in this Manual.) Criticism, Ridicule, and Humor Concerning Individuals, Groups, and Institutions In general, we also do not regulate information provided over the Internet, nor do we intervene in private disputes involving broadcast stations or their licensees. It was foreseeable that broadcasting the false information would cause such harm. Find more in-depth explorations of public broadcasting by following the links below: 1615 L St. NW, Suite 800Washington, DC 20036USA Public broadcasting is defined as a meeting place where all citizens are welcome and considered equals. An officially expressed purpose or goal backed by a sanction is a a public policy https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/loud-commercials-tv; https://www.fcc.gov/media/policy/loud-commercials, https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/complaints-about-broadcast-advertising, https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/interference-radio-tv-and-telephone-signals, https://www.fcc.gov/wireless/bureau-divisions/technologies-systems-and-innovation-division/rules-regulations-title-47, Title 47 of the Code of Federal Regulations. In terms of combatting racism, the NAACP had the most success with? Digital Television Meaning of public broadcasting. Broadcasters not the FCC or any other government agency are responsible for selecting the material they air. Specifically Designed to Serve These Needs. At the local public radio level, an analysis of the public filings provided by 123 of the largest news-oriented licensees (organizations that operate local public radio stations) shows that in 2019 the last year for which reliable data is available total revenue for this group was $989.7 million. Each commercial full power and Class A station must keep a copy of its decision in the public file for the three-year period to which it pertains. a meeting in upstate New York during the mid-nineteenth century regarding women's rights. Acceptable enhanced underwriting acknowledgements of for-profit donors or underwriters may include: (1) logograms and slogans that identify but do not promote; (2) location information; (3) value-neutral descriptions of a product line or service; and (4) brand names, trade names, and product service listings. The Commission took a number of steps to minimize the burden of the online file on broadcast stations. EEO public file reports are not created on FCC forms and therefore are not filed in CDBS or LMS on forms of their own, but a stations two most recent public file reports are filed as attachments when a station files Form 396. Pew Research Center is a subsidiary of The Pew Charitable Trusts, its primary funder. False or Misleading Advertising. A viewer wanting to see the captions must use a set-top decoder or a television with built-in decoder circuitry. Additional information on the closed captioning requirements can be found on the FCCs website at https://www.fcc.gov/general/closed-captioning-video-programming-television. Television commercials must have the same average volume as the programs they accompany. The Radio Act of 1927 allowed major networks such as CBS and NBC to gain a 70 percent share of U.S. broadcasting by the early 1930s, earning them $72 million in profits by 1934 (McChesney, 1992). Additional information about the audio description requirements can be found on our website at https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/audio-description. Except for certain classes of political advertisements, station licensees have full discretion to accept or reject any advertising. The Civil Rights Act of 1875 attempted to protect former slaves from discrimination in public accommodations such as hotels and theaters. Which of the following news sources reaches the MOST Americans? The file must also include the reconciliation of the deal such as a description of when advertising actually aired, advertising preempted, and the timing of any make-goods of preempted time, as well as credits or rebates given to the advertiser. It is an information and education tool, accessible to all and meant for all, whatever their social or economic status. Closed captioning is a technology designed to provide access to television programming by persons with hearing disabilities by displaying, in text form, the audio portion of a broadcast, as well as descriptions of background noise and sound effects. If your location is close to a radio station's transmitting antenna, then you may experience impaired reception of other stations. Each licensee, regardless of size, must file an FCC Form 396 EEO Program Report with its license renewal application. Accessible User InterfacesBusiness Practices and Advertising The act established a CPB governing board to be appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the U.S. Senate.

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