Certain older books are listed by OSCOLA as works of authority and given special abbreviated citations. JAG Griffith, The Common Law and the Political Constitution (2001) 117 LQR 42, 64, 2. Author, Title in Italics Capitalising Major Words(Edition, Publisher Year) page. Seeing as the content of working papers are subject to change, make sure you put the date of access. Knowing how to cite sources for assignments is a hugely important skill. If citing an online encyclopedia, give the URL and date of access: See OSCOLA 4th edn 3.2.6 for more details. Author (s) Enter the Surname and Initials for each Author of the Journal Author Surname * Author Firstname OR Initial (s) * %%EOF If submissions are made in a language other than English, the Title and Abstract (not exceeding 250 words) must also be submitted in English. The exception to this rule is when the judge holds a title. John Smith). ABC, para. There should be an asterisk (*) after each authors name, which corresponds to an asterisked footnote, giving the authors current position(s) of employment, department where appropriate, university, city, country, and email address (e.g. Internet may be capitalised, or not, at the authors discretion. OSCOLA referencing guide (Online): Journal Articles Journals articles Print articles Online articles To cite a print journal use the following format: Author, 'title' [year] journal name or abbreviation first page of article [OR] Author, 'title' (year) volume journal name or abbreviation first page of article A Quick Guide to OSCOLA Referencing | Rules & Examples. Treat case notes with titles as if they are journal articles. If no individual author is identified, but an organisation or institution claims editorial responsibility for the work, then cite it as the author. Put a comma after the first page of the article if you want to refer to a particular page or set of pages: If the year serves as the volume identifier, put the year in square brackets [ ]. The abbreviation preceding a command paper number depends on the year of publication: 183369 (C (1stseries)) 187099 (C (2nd series)) 190018 (Cd) 191956 (Cmd) 195786 (Cmnd) 1986 (Cm). If the case name is included in the text, omit it in the footnote. The year combines with the serial number to make an SI number that follows the abbreviations SI, which we use to identify the legislation. 1. For an Authored Book (i) By a single author: Name of the Author, | Title of the Book | 'Serving Magistrates 2013' (The Judicial Office 2013). For multiple authors, follow the rules outlined in Journal Articles, above. When you refer to the same source you have just referred to (i.e. author, | title | [year] OR (year) | volume/issue | journal name or abbreviation | | date accessed. Contact your Academic Liaison Librarian if you have any questions about referencing. When asked about the role of a newspapers proprietor Rupert Murdoch said: Section 4(2) of the Human Rights Act 1998 states in s 4(2) of the Human Rights Act 1998 and in ss 6-9 of that Act Clarkson CMV and Keating HM and Cunningham SR. 1. Remove Additional Authors, Add a 4th Author The standard requires providing the authors' names in full in references and in the reverse form with initials in footnotes. Reference either an on-line or printed Journal Article, Select a different Source Type See examples, Enter the Surname and Initials for each Author of the Journal, You must enter at least one Author including their first initial, Add a 3rd Author If online journals lack some of the publication elements for OSCOLA, follow the citation advice of the online journal. Information to include: List in the bibliography in alphabetical order under Secondary Sources. Narcotics contribute greatly to the black economy, for example the value of illegal drugs transactions has been estimated at up to 1.5 billion annually. Alison L Young, In Defence of Due Deference (2009) 72 MLR 554. Cruft R, Title of Book Review (2011) Law & Philosophy 637, Ben McFarlane and Donal Nolan, Remedying Reliance: The Future Development of Promissory and Proprietary Estoppel in English Law (Obligations III conference, Brisbane, July 2006), 1. 651 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<25B4EF49AED27F43B77B78D9AB559179><2249A2BC3A9D384391123A244374C65B>]/Index[636 31]/Info 635 0 R/Length 85/Prev 412639/Root 637 0 R/Size 667/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Use the following format: Maincontributor [Role of main contributor],'Title of programme' [Television series episode] in Title of series (Additional information if required, Publisher, Year ). For specific references, include a comma, followed by the chapter or page number, including ch. and/or p.. nmbib -- Multiple versions of a bibliography, with different sort orders notes2bib -- Integrating notes into the bibliography notex-bst -- A BibTeX style that outputs HTML oscola -- BibLaTeX style for the Oxford Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities perception -- BibTeX style for the journal Perception Taylor & Francis Standard Reference Style: OSCOLA The Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities is designed to facilitate accurate citation of authorities, legislation, and other legal materials. }}n,"ty3S3s?HL`OG5:Z@/$e|{7F.4!H//nyLo?$4b%=n). Follow the citation with the web address (in angled brackets) and the date you most recently accessed the article. Paul Craig, Theory, "Pure Theory" and Values in Public Law [2005] PL 440. Pinpointing a page Example At the same time, OSCOLA allows citing sources not included in the manual while adhering to the general principles set out . INDIAN LAW INSTITUTE: 1. You can search by abbreviation to find the title, or by title to find the abbreviation. Alan Wright and Nicholas Hastie (eds. Generally, footnotes should be used for citationof sources, rather than for additional text. %PDF-1.5 % Greenleaf G, The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010, Sarah Cole, Virtual Friend Fires Employee (, Cole S, Virtual Friend Fires Employee (. Preferred journal abbreviations can be checked on the. for more details. For shorter essays, this is usually not necessary, but do check your institutions guidelines. You write HC Bill or HL Bill depending upon which house it is, and bill numbers for Commons bills appear in square brackets. Mike Molan, Duncan Bloy and Denis Lanser If there are more than three authors, cite the first author followed by 'and others'. Articles should not normally exceed 10,000 words (including footnotes). Some newspapers have The in the title and some do not. Law Commission, 'Housing: Encouraging Responsponsible Letting' (Law Com No 312 Cm 7458, TSO, 2008) [1.5]. For example, UKSC is the United Kingdom Supreme Court, and Cr App R refers to the Criminal Appeal Reports. OSCOLA referencing, sometimes referred to as Oxford referencing, is a style of referencing primarily used in UK academic content related to the law. For Book Reviews, our in-house Book Review template should be used. Please also consult the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) for correct spellings. Analysis pieces and Case/Legislative comments only go to an external peer reviewer if internal Edinburgh Law School faculty and/or PhD candidates lack the expertise to provide an adequate review. Then give the title of the article within single quotation marks, and the publication information as follows: year of publication (in square brackets if it identifies the volume, in round brackets if there is a separate volume number). It is good practice to use cross citation as little as possible. Statues are divided into parts, sections, subsections, paragraphs and subparagraphs. When pinpointing (referring to a specific page in an article) put the first page of the article followed by a comma, a space and the page of the pinpoint. Only do this if paragraph numbers are explicitly used in the text. Follow this by the phrase available at, followed by the URL, which should be hyperlinked. If neither of these is the case, use J for judge, e.g. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Oxford Royale Academy is a part of Oxford Programs Limited, a company registered in England as company number 6045196, registered office at 264 Banbury Road, Oxford, OX2 7DY. Gary Blasi and John Jostin, System Justification Theory and Research: Implications for Law, Legal Advocacy, and Social Justice in Jon Hanson (ed.). Cite a Bill by its title, the House in which it originated, the Parliamentary session in brackets, and the running number assigned to it. Email from Amazon.co.uk to author (16 December 2008), CJ Friedrich, Constitutions and Constitutionalism, International. Footnote: For example. A bibliography lists all your secondary sources that is, everything other than cases and legislation. Referees will recommend one of the following options: (1) accept outright for publication; (2) accept subject to minor modification; (3) accept subject to major modification; (4) reject outright. Footnote For two or three authors, all named authors must be included. R v Secretary of State for Transport, ex parte Factortame, [1991] ECR I-3905 (ECJ). (iii) By multiple authors Either list all the authors' names or list the first author's name followed by "et al." D AVID H UNTER ET AL., I NTERNATIONAL E NVIRONMENTAL L AW AND P OLICY 555 (3rd ed. You should give the name of the case in full when you first mention it in the text or footnotes. A case name should be given as it appears in the most authoritative report of the case. Retrieved 27 February 2023, URLs should not be italicised, put within or within (parentheses). Misc (multiple authors, editors.) Unless otherwise specified below, SCRIPTed follows the Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA). %PDF-1.6 % Where there is no title, use the name of the case in italics instead, and add (note) at the end of the citation: See3.3.2 OSCOLA 4th ed. For a comprehensive list of legal abbreviations, use the Cardiff index. When a source has 2 authors, list the last name of the first author's name in your Works Cited entry, followed by a comma. British Medical Journal podcast, 'Insanity in the Dock' (20 July 2012) 10:30-11:15 accessed 15 April 2014. A High Court judge should be called, for example, Mr Justice Brown, or, if a woman (and regardless of whether she is married) Mrs Justice Smith). Authors should provide between three and six keywords highlighting the field(s) and topic(s) of their submission. For example: Use an indented paragraph, no quotation marks and a line space above and below. Sidaway v Board of Governors of the Bethlem Royal Hospital, [1984] 1 All ER 1018 (CA) (hereinafterSidaway). See 3.3.4 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. Changes will be sent to the author for approval. statutes and so on), as well as secondary sources such as books, journal articles, websites and policy statements . You can see that the Bill is cited by its title, the House in which it originated (here, House of Commons), and with the parliamentary session in brackets (here, 2008-09). endstream endobj 406 0 obj <>/Metadata 53 0 R/OCProperties<>/OCGs[418 0 R]>>/Outlines 60 0 R/PageLayout/SinglePage/Pages 400 0 R/StructTreeRoot 99 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 407 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/Properties<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 408 0 obj <>stream Journal articles. You should abbreviate common words and phrases, for example: When you want to refer to something, use Re instead of, for example, In re or in the matter of. With online journals that have been published electronically, give publication details the same way you would for hard copy journal articles. For subsequent citation of secondary sources, you only need the authors surname. In footnotes write the first authors name followed by and others. Paragraph text should use 1.5 line spacing. OSCOLA stands for the Oxford Standard for the Citation of Legal Authorities. when the previous footnote was also about that source), you can simply use ibid (Latin for in the same place): In this example, the second footnote also refers to Davis v Dignam, but to page 522 instead of page 519. Journal article Law / Act Newspaper article . J Herring). OSCOLA is a footnote referencing style. Make sure that all original punctuation marks are within quotation marks. hbbd```b`` iX$&``j0L.GI Hc~ 6j / *You can also browse our support articles here >. When referencing dicta from a case, either paragraph or page numbering can be used. Quotes in a foreign language should normally appear in English translation, but the original text may also be reproduced if it is necessary that the text be examined closely. Ensure that every footnote corresponds correctly with the footnote that it references (e.g. 1) and appears after any punctuation like a comma or full stop: These footnotes contain full information on the source cited. Intellectual Property Law in Scotland). For example: Graham Greenleaf, The Global Development of Free Access to Legal Information (2010) 1(1) EJLT accessed 27 July 2010. John Smith; Edinburgh; European Union; Scottish Enlightenment), but not for other terms. In the House of Commons, written answers are indicated by the suffix W after the column number; in the House of Lords, they are indicated by the prefix WA before the column number. Round brackets ( ) are used when the year is not necessary to identify the relevant volume of the journal (e.g. Pinpoints such as volumes and page numbers come after the publication information. Oscola by Donal Nolan (Editor); Sandra Meredith (Editor); Faculty of Law, University of Oxford Staff Call Number: D 340.074 OSC ISBN: 9781849463676 Publication Date: 2012-04-26 Examples of citing sources using OSCOLA These are some examples of how you might cite some common legal materials using OSCOLA. hb```,+@( `=ar When you dont need to use the year to identify the law report volume, give the year of judgement (not publication) in round brackets. Do not use an ampersand (&). Quotes less than 3 lines of text should appear in the body and be identified with double quotation marks (), with quotes within such quotes identified with single quotation marks (). 39(4), pp.652-669. A z can be used in official names of organisations (e.g. World Health Organization, World Intellectual Property Organization) and when quoting text that uses the American spelling. This should be followed by the word in, which in turn should be followed by a reference to the collected work itself (see Books, above). OSCOLA is a footnote referencing style. Follow that example, tidying it up to make it consistent with OSCOLA styles (eg, change double quotes to single and full stops to commas, removing those that are unnecessary; change OED Online to italics; change Oxford University Press to OUP and put it before the date; and remove http:// from the web address and delete any text after the Entry number, then put angle brackets around the url): For other online dictionaries, follow the general advice above. x and x, not x or x). 28 February 2020 Please see the 4th edition of OSCOLA for comprehensive details on how to cite other secondary sources such as: We hope youve found our complete guide to OSCOLA referencing useful. An example of a footnote for an online article: James Gobert, 'The Corporate Manslaughter and Corporate Homicide Act 2007: Thirteen Years in the Making but was it Worth the Wait?' Where available, include the DOI and the URL of the original publication, including available at. In it, you assign each citation a footnote that duplicates the reference at the end of the paper almost precisely, with some exceptions such as using a specific page number. The examples below include a suggestion for citing the comments of a particular person. Croft J, Supreme Court Warns on Quality Financial Times (London, 1 July 2010). If the judge is a peer, refer to them as Lord, e.g. Full citation (including footnote number for illustration) 3 John Knowles, Effective Legal Research (4 th edn, Sweet & Maxwell 2016) 33.. Authors' surname and cross-citation to footnote number 3. Including quotations Human Fertilisation and Embryology Act 1990, sch. Try to avoid secondary referencing as it is always preferable to use the original source and you should always try to locate this. You remember that in all those pages of research, you forgot to reference the sources you used. A guide to reference management software (EndNote, Mendeley, Zotero, and Paperpile). Dove, Chen, and Diver. Tonking S,Jury Trial (BBC Radio 4, 1 May 2010) accessed 15 February 2013. Usually, the bibliography is divided into three sections: Cases, Legislation and Secondary Sources Cases - List the cases alphabetically in order of the first significant word. If there is a separate volume number, put the year in round brackets(). International Journal of Food Science & Technology. You should abbreviate both as Smith J. So, the Children Act 1989 becomes CA 1989 (not just CA). After the title, give the publication information in the following order: 1. HL Deb OR HC Deb | date, | volume, | column. Trevor Bench-Capon, Transition Systems for Designing and Reasoning about Norms (2015) 23(4), Michel Foucault, The Subject and Power (1982) 8(4), 2023 SCRIPTed DOI: 10.2966/scrip ISSN: 1744-2567, Territoriality in Intellectual Property Law: Examining the Tension between Securing Societal Goals and Treating Intellectual Property as an Investment Asset, Copyright in AI-generated works: Lessons from recent developments in patent law. You should cite an Act by its short title and year in roman, using capitals for the major words. For more detailed information see OSCOLA 1.2. For more detailed information, see OSCOLA Appendix 4.2. Authors are invited to make submissions in any language, though consideration of them is subject to the Editorial Boards ability to locate an appropriate peer-reviewer in the subject language. See3.4.2 OSCOLA 4th ed. Author names in the bibliography are inverted, and initials are used in place of the first name: If you want to cite this source, you can copy and paste the citation or click the Cite this Scribbr article button to automatically add the citation to our free Reference Generator. The example above shows that this is a case involving Corr and IBC Vehicles Ltd. Example: Samuel Topping and others, Analysing Law (Routledge, London 2008). There is no need to list the authors qualifications. Alison L Young, 'In Defence of Due Deference' (2009) 72 MLR 554. The studied nanotubes are carbon, naphthalene . If there is no obvious author/speaker, begin the citation with the title of the programme. Use ( )if the date of publication is NOT needed to find the article eg. If they are a Lord/Lady Justice, use LJ, e.g. You should cite Regulations, Directives, Decisions, Recommendations and Opinions by giving the legislation type, number and title, followed by publication details in the OJ. accessed 17 November 2014. %%EOF Needless to say, the add If youre citing a case before 1865, it doesnt require the court. The names of publishers other than Cambridge University Press (CUP) and Oxford University Press (OUP) should be written in full. Report of the Secretary-General (22 August 2013) UN Doc A/68/341. (See our abbreviations section below for further guidance). Use these examples alongside the informationgiven in the 'Guidance for all source types' box. The letter L refers to the legislation series. See3.2.3 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. Dual-band photodetectors (DBPDs) have played an essential role in multispectral information monitoring, including civil and military areas. for more details. Stevens (n 1) 110. https://script-ed.org?p=15. Even if youre still at school, learning how to reference now means you wont get caught out at university. Follow this with the title of the website and the date of publication in brackets, if available. e.g. You should show the reader that you have used a range of sources in your work, which they could then find themselves. The table of cases comes first, followed by the table of legislation, and then the bibliography. there is a volume number. Revised manuscript submissions received by the Managing Editor may be returned to Referees or may be assessed solely by the Managing Editor (having reference to the review and recommendations by the Referees). Blah, blah.). The President of the Supreme Court should be abbreviated as, for example, Lord Brown P; the Deputy President as Lord Brown DP. Paragraph numbers appear in square brackets and can be used for pinpointing in the same way as page numbers: Note that if youre pinpointing a judges comments within a case report, you include the name of the judge, and some special terms and abbreviations are used in the citation and in the text. When citing newspaper articles, give the author, the title, the name of the newspaper in italics and then in brackets the city of publication and the date. As with bills, write HC for the House of Commons and HL for the House of Lords. For example: Also, order the sources with legislation before cases, and primary sources before secondary. When referencing a specific article in a collected work please provide the author(s) name and chapter title (with all primary words capitalised), in double quotation marks ( ). If there is more than one editor or translator, put (eds) or (trs). OSCOLA referencing places citations in footnotes, which are marked in the text with footnote numbers: The judge referred to the precedent established by Caulfield v Baldwin. For more details see3.4.3 OSCOLA 4th ed. The OJ citation should be: year, OJ series, number / page. This rule applies for all conjunctions (including IP, IT, ICT, etc). Pajunen, K. 2008. X argues that Y.1 NOT X argues that Y1.). Polyphenols: food sources, properties and applications - a review. If it does not follow on directly, put the author's surname followed by a cross reference to the original footnote, eg. Bibliography entries differ from citations in terms of their presentation of the authors name. An example of a typical case citation with a neutral citation is: Corr v IBC Vehicles Ltd [2008] UKHL 13, [2008] 1 AC 884. Dimas S, EU Environment Commissioner, 'Improving Environmental Quality through Carbon Trading' (Speech at the Carbon Expo Conference, Kln, 2 May 2007) accessed 29 May 2011. ); and (5) success of synthesis between areas for those submissions purporting to be interdisciplinary. No full stops are used with abbreviations other than e.g., i.e., vs., and etc. ), Genes and Common Disease: Genetics in Modern Medicine (Cambridge: CUP, 2007). Statutory instruments (orders, regulations or rules) are numbered consecutively throughout the year. Do not use other terms such as supra, op cit, loc cit. ' The point of these citations is to direct your reader to the alphabetised reference list, where you give full information about each source. Repeating citations short forms and ibid, https://libguides.northampton.ac.uk/oscolaguide. ), For more detailed information see OSCOLA 1.2.2. Legal sources such as cases and statues may be cited, along with secondary sources, for example, books and journals. 2006). See 3.2.2 OSCOLA 4th edn for more details. Ibid., p. 25). Articles, Analysis Pieces, and Case/Legislation Comments. For two or three authors, all named authors must be included. Remove Additional Authors, Add a 5th Author 5 May 2022. A pinpoint is a precise reference to the part of a judgment or report through numbered paragraphs or page numbers. Pinpointing is not used in the bibliography. If you are referring to a particular Act a number of times in the same place, you can provide an abbreviated form of the title in the footnotes, as long as you let your reader know in advance. You must enter the date that you accessed the article. T2p210g0r`>Pj%mei P *VBQ@\37U0wt0TtVtw4dw4"v0;*:Hp,PZ=Hs1~13pa` 1``R @A I^x(3p)CT1r u0Yy OSCOLA is an acronym which stands for the Oxford University Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities. A longer dash is used to separate a sentence from a side remark (e.g. Be aware of the difference before and after 1996. In footnotes write the first author's name followed by "and others". For articles with multiple authors, use the first name and surname for up to three authors, separated by an (Oxford) comma and and (e.g. Author, Article Title [Year] or (Year) Volume number Journal name Page number. Bibliography: SCRIPTeds in-house Article template should be used for all submissions except Book Reviews, i.e. In-text citations & footnotes OSCOLA uses a footnote citation system. Click the button below to generate your OSCOLA Journal Article Reference and In-line Citation. When citing a case, youll usually begin with a neutral citation a way of referring to the case that does not relate to a particular report and then give the details of the report afterwards. Analysis Pieces should normally not exceed 4,000 words. See3.4.10 OSCOLA 4th ed. Square brackets [ ] are used when theyear is crucial to identify the relevant volume of the journal(e.g. Pinpoints follow the citation and come before the web address. Include the edition and year. Communications (Isle of Man) Order 2020, SI 2020/149. See theOSCOLA guidesand our Referencing with Confidence OSCOLA Guide for more details. In England and Wales, there are no official law reports of any kind, but the Law Report series by the Incorporated Council of Law Reporting are considered the most authoritative. Jane Croft, Supreme Court Warns on Quality Financial Times (London, 1 July 2010) 3. Manuscripts must bein Microsoft Word format using the template files above. Introduction to OSCOLA referencing style The Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) was developed at Oxford University, and is widely used by law schools and publishers to acknowledge source information. OSCOLA does not purport to be comprehensive, but gives rules and examples for . if there is a volume number in addition to the year). Herberg J, Injunctive Relief for Wrongful Termination of Employment (DPhil thesis, University of Oxford 1989), UNICEF Country programme document: China (10 August 2015) E/ICEF/2015/P/L.22, UNHCR Assistance to refugees, returnees and displaced persons in Africa.

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